The research suggests that this increase in vegetation could help reduce some impacts of climate change while strengthening India’s natural ecosystems. However, scientists have clarified that rising greenery alone will not eliminate the risks associated with climate change, as challenges such as increasing temperatures and biodiversity loss are expected to continue.
The study has been published in the International Journal of Climatology. Researchers analyzed data from 1985 to 2014 and used the CMIP6 climate model to estimate future environmental conditions up to the year 2100.
According to the study, the ability of plants to absorb carbon dioxide, known as Gross Primary Productivity (GPP), has shown a continuous increase over the years. The GPP level was recorded at 729 grams of carbon per square meter per year in 1985, which increased to 830 grams by 2014. Scientists have estimated that this figure could reach 1,304 grams per square meter by 2100, indicating that plants may become more efficient at removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in the future.
The study identified several regions where the growth of greenery could be most significant. The Gangetic plains, northeastern India, and the Western Ghats are expected to witness the fastest increase in vegetation. These regions already have strong forest ecosystems and are projected to receive improved rainfall conditions in the future.
In contrast, dry regions of Rajasthan and northwestern India may not experience major changes in vegetation levels due to limited water availability and climatic conditions.
Researchers stated that increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are one of the major factors supporting plant growth. Along with this, the possibility of increased rainfall in several regions in the future could further contribute to long-term vegetation growth across the country.
The study also noted that India’s forest cover increased from 20.6 percent in 1985 to 21.6 percent in 2014, indicating a gradual shift toward improved green coverage.
Despite the positive projections, scientists have issued an important warning that this development should not be considered a complete victory over climate change. Rising temperatures could continue to affect plants, soil health, and wildlife. The study found that vegetation growth may decline during hotter years, while years with better rainfall could support faster greenery expansion.
The findings highlight that while India’s natural landscapes may become more capable of absorbing carbon dioxide by 2100, continued environmental protection efforts and biodiversity conservation will remain essential to maintain ecological balance and address future climate challenges.
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