Market Disparity: West Bengal Farmers Grapple with Pricing Gaps as Wheat Surges and Oilseeds Falter

Market Disparity: West Bengal Farmers Grapple with Pricing Gaps as Wheat Surges and Oilseeds Falter

West Bengal’s agricultural market reveals a stark contrast between government support and street-level reality as key winter crop prices fluctuate ahead of the 2026-27 season. While wheat and mustard growers see returns well above the Minimum Support Price (MSP), sesame and maize farmers face significant deficits. This comprehensive market analysis explores the latest pricing trends and supply volumes for essential commodities across the state’s districts

As West Bengal enters the final week of January 2026, the state’s agricultural landscape is witnessing a complex tug-of-war between government-mandated Minimum Support Prices (MSP) and the volatile reality of open-market trading. Recent data consolidated through January 25, 2026, reveals a significant divergence in how various commodity groups are performing across the state’s districts. While some farmers are reaping the benefits of high demand, others—particularly those dealing in sesame and maize—are finding themselves navigating a difficult financial terrain where market offers are falling stubbornly short of official benchmarks.

The cereal sector presents a particularly fragmented picture. Wheat has emerged as the standout performer of the season, consistently trading at a premium. Against a set MSP of 2,425.00 INR per quintal, market prices have climbed as high as 2,766.94 INR, signaling robust demand despite relatively modest arrival volumes. In contrast, the state’s staple, Common Paddy, remains locked in a tighter struggle; while market prices have hovered near the 2,370 INR mark, they frequently dip just below the established MSP of 2,369.00 INR, suggesting a saturated market that barely sustains the government’s safety net. Meanwhile, maize farmers are facing an uphill battle, with market rates languishing around 2,250 INR—significantly lower than the 2,400.00 INR MSP—compounded by low arrival numbers that reflect a cooling interest in the crop this cycle.

In the oilseed category, the narrative is one of extreme highs and disappointing lows. Groundnut continues to be a high-value rarity, fetching a staggering 9,600.00 INR per quintal, far exceeding its MSP of 7,263.00 INR, though the actual quantity reaching the markets remains marginal. Mustard remains a steady reliable for the region’s growers, maintaining a healthy market presence with prices reaching up to 6,740.35 INR, providing a comfortable cushion above the 5,950.00 INR support price. However, the situation for Sesamum is increasingly precarious. With an MSP set at 9,846.00 INR, the market has failed to respond, with prices stagnant at roughly 6,750 INR—a massive deficit that highlights a critical disconnect between federal expectations and regional market liquidity.

The vegetable markets are currently defined by high-volume turnover and typical seasonal fluctuations. Potato arrivals have been massive, exceeding 1,200 metric tonnes in recent days, which has kept prices stable but low, averaging around 1,060 INR per quintal. Onions follow a similar trend of high supply and consistent pricing near the 2,050 INR mark. Tomatoes, however, have shown more volatility, with prices peaking near 3,184.46 INR before settling slightly lower as supply levels fluctuated. As the 2026-27 agricultural season progresses, these figures underscore a pressing need for administrative oversight to ensure that the "minimum" in MSP becomes a reality for all growers, especially those in the pulses and sesame sectors who are currently sidelined by market indifference.

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